"Karbofos" (malathion) - regulations for use, safety, etc.

Content

Purpose
Composition and preparative formula
Operating principle of "Karbofos"
Regulations for the use of "Karbofos"
Security and restrictions
Analogues of the drug
Advantages and disadvantages of application
Flaws
Advantages of use

"Karbofos" is a multi-purpose organophosphorus pesticide. The material includes the purpose, composition, formulation, principle of action, safety issues, analogues, etc.

Possibility of combination with other pesticides

Before treating with karbofos, nearby beds are covered with film to prevent the unwanted effects of an accidentally ingested drug.
Almost all manufacturers do not recommend combining the use of organophosphorus agents, which include karbofos, with other types of pesticides . This ban especially applies to drugs that have an alkaline environment, in particular those containing copper (Bordeaux mixture → application, oxiom, HOM, copper oxychloride).

It is permissible to use karbofos in combination with other plant care products:

growth stimulants and activators;
immunomodulators;
seasonal feeding with micro- and macroelements;
synergists - certain types of insecticides that enhance each other’s toxic effects (“Fufanon”, “Aliot”, “Alatar”).

It should be borne in mind that a properly prepared mixture does not heat up, does not become cloudy, or produce an insoluble precipitate. The solution is not suitable for use if signs of any chemical reaction are visible.

Purpose

Both independently and as part of other drugs “Karbofos” / “Malathion” the following is used:

in agriculture to combat harmful insects, mites and stock pests;
in medical and sanitary practice (as an anti-pediculosis remedy for nits and lice);
for household disinfestation against synanthropic insects (ants, bedbugs, cockroaches, woodlice, etc.)

Biological way to get rid of ants

The biological method involves the use of natural enemies of ants. Of course, in garden plots it is not possible to attract South American dart frogs, brown bears or giant anteaters to destroy ants. This will destroy not only the ants, but also the entire garden area.

However, it is worth taking into account that many birds, such as woodpeckers, almost all songbirds, and pikas, also like to feast on ants. Some species of lizards also feed on ants.

Composition and preparative formula

"Karbofos" belongs to the chemical class FOS (organophosphorus compounds). The active ingredient is MALTHION . Formula [O,O-Dimethyl-S-(1,2-dicarbethoxyethyl)dithiophosphate]. In its pure form, it is a colorless oily liquid with a characteristic unpleasant odor. In its technical form it is a dark brown liquid. Poorly soluble in water, highly soluble in organic solvents.

"Karbofos" in powder form, packaged in 30 and 60 g, for the needs of private household plots

Available in:

water emulsion, dosage up to 44%;
granules or powder, dosage 5-10%;
emulsion concentrate, dosage 1.3-57%;
and also in tablet form, dosage 14%

Currently widely used:

1) Con , dosage 50% (500 g/l), packaging - ampoules, 1l bottles. and 5l canisters;

2) Wetting powder “Karbofos, SP” , dosage 10% (100g/kg), packaged in 30g bags. and 60g. for the needs of private household plots and bags from 1 kg for agricultural production.

First aid

In case of malathion poisoning, symptoms such as drooling, increased blood pressure, shortness of breath, diarrhea, vomiting, and miosis are observed. Almost does not irritate the skin. Symptoms of drug intoxication develop slowly.

If Karbofos liquid gets on your skin, wash it off with running water. Rinse your eyes after contact with the insecticide. If symptoms of poisoning appear, you will have to do a gastric lavage: drink 1 liter of water and medicinal charcoal tablets at the rate of 1 tablet per 10 kg of weight. After this, induce vomiting. If the condition does not improve, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Regulations for the use of "Karbofos"

The table summarizes application rates when using 50% emulsion concentrate for plant protection.

The duration of the protective effect in protected ground conditions is 5–7 days, in open ground up to 10 days.

Culture	Pest	Dosage	Features of application	Frequency of treatments	Waiting period
Apple, pear, quince	Mites, aphids, weevils, codling moths, leaf rollers, copperheads, sawflies, scale insects, false scale insects	1	Processing during the growing season. Consumption 10-15l/100m2	2	30
Cereals	Aphids, thrips, pest bug	0,5-1,2	Processing during the growing season. Consumption 2-4l/100m2	1	30
Raspberries, currants, gooseberries	Weevil, mites, bud moth, aphids	1-1,3	Treatment before flowering and after harvesting, consumption up to 12l/100m2	2	No
Grape	Spider mites, phylloxera, mealybug	0,6-1	Consumption of working solution 1-1.5 l./ 10 m2	1	30
Cabbage, cucumbers, tomatoes and vegetables	Whiteflies, armyworms, moths, flies, aphids, thrips, whiteflies, ants, plant mites	0,6-1,2	Spraying during the growing season, consumption of working solution up to 12-4 l./ 100 m2	2	30
Melons	Melon fly, aphids, melon ladybird	0,4-0,6	Consumption 10-15l/100m2	1-2	30
Flowers and ornamental plants	Scale insects, bugs, sawfly, aphids	0,5	Consumption up to 2l/10m2	1	No
Abandoned gardens and plantings	Locusts, mites, aphids, leaf roller, copperhead, moth	1-5	Working solution consumption up to 15l/100m2	4	No

Rules for safe use

You should not add Karbofos to other products. When processing in houses, apartments and open areas, it is necessary to use special clothing: a gown, goggles, a respirator and gloves. Do not smoke, eat or drink while spraying.

After treatment, you should change clothes, wash your hands and face with soap and be sure to rinse your mouth. Avoid heating the solution: do not place the ready-to-use drug near a fire or in the sun. After treatment with Karbofos, it is recommended to return to living quarters after at least 5 hours.

To achieve the maximum, special recommendations should be followed:

treatment must be carried out in early spring before the first insects appear;
for the effectiveness of the drug, reduce spraying to 2 times per season;
The optimal time for this is early morning or evening;
Plants should be sprayed when it is not hot, the ideal temperature is up to 15 degrees;
refrain from processing in windy or rainy weather;
the solution must always be freshly prepared.

The toxic properties of Karbofos towards people and fauna are relatively small. It is also capable of destroying bees, which is why you should not treat gardens with abundant flowering plants.

Analogues of the drug

Synonyms for “Karbofos ” are malathion, compound 4049, phosphothione-50, malathion LV, drug 4049, phosphothione, etc.

Analogues of "Karbofos" and preparations containing malathion as an active ingredient:

for agricultural plant protection - Alatar, Aliot, Antiklesch, Inta-Vir, Iskra M, Karbotsin, Profilaktin, Fufanon, etc.
for medical and household use - Duplet, Medilis, Foscon, Fufanon-super, Tsipromal

"Karbofos" - emulsion concentrate, malathion dosage 50%

Advantages and disadvantages of application

Flaws

Resistance. With the systematic use of Karbofos, as well as other pesticides related to FOS, stable populations of insects and mites appear. They produce special specific malathion oxidase enzymes that neutralize the effect of malathion.
"Karbofos" is characterized by a short period of protective action.
Previously, it was believed that malathion was not mutagenic for mammals, but this fact is now disputed, and data has emerged on the ability of malaoxon (the main metabolite of malathion) to damage DNA.

Advantages of use

The drug is effective against sucking and gnawing insects, it is widely used against ants and herbivorous mites, and has good protective properties against scale insects.
The great advantage of Karbofos is the lack of toxicity and the ability to accumulate in the tissues of warm-blooded animals, which has ensured its widespread use in veterinary medicine, for domestic and agricultural purposes.
Not phytotoxic in recommended doses.
"Karbofos" does not change the smell and taste of products and does not exhibit carcinogenic properties
The insecticide is thermally, photo- and chemically stable.
Well compatible with many insecticides and fungicides, as well as growth regulators.

Questions

Question No. 1 How effective is karbofos in the fight against the Colorado potato beetle?

Karbofos, like all organophosphorus poisons, has a detrimental effect exclusively on insect larvae and mature individuals. The toxic effect of the drug does not apply to oviposition. Treatment only makes sense when beetles emerge. In addition, the duration of the toxic effect of karbofos on the Colorado potato beetle does not exceed 10 days, and even less in rainy weather. This means that the processing will have to be repeated many times. And as you know, regular use of karbofos helps pests become accustomed to the active substance. Therefore, to achieve a guaranteed result in the fight against the Colorado potato beetle, it is recommended to alternate karbofos with other insecticidal agents that do not contain malathion.