Popular types of spiders living in the Krasnodar region

Spiders of the Krasnodar region feed on insects and live among vegetation. Representatives have poisonous glands. Not all insects are dangerous to humans. However, you should not contact representatives. Even a non-fatal bite can result in allergic reactions and severe skin irritation. Spiders pose the greatest danger to animals and children. People with weakened immune systems or pregnant women are also at risk.

In Krasnodar you can find many poisonous insects

Karakurt

Poisonous spiders of the Krasnodar Territory live in arid places, live in burrows underground, and do not build trapping nets. They behave without aggression towards humans, but they can bite in defense of their own life. Most attacks by karakurts occur due to negligence, when a person does not notice the predator in shoes, things, or in a clearing.

After a spider bite, pain, swelling, redness, and swelling appear. After 15 minutes, general health worsens - nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, head pain, tremors, muscle spasms, difficulty breathing, increased blood pressure, increased heart rate. If medical assistance is not provided, cardiac arrest occurs or the person dies from suffocation.

On a note!

The appearance of karakurt is memorable. The size of the female, together with the leg span, reaches 2 cm, the males are smaller. The most active young individuals. Legs, cephalothorax are black, red spots on the abdomen - 13 pieces. As they grow older, the color changes and becomes more uniform.

Karakurt and tarantula

Consequences of a bite

Karakurt, which has a very strong poison, unlike other spiders, is very aggressive and bites not only for the purpose of self-defense

He can attack purposefully, so you should not only tease him, but also approach him with great caution. The bite itself is very painful, and after 10-15 minutes the pain spreads throughout the person’s body and becomes almost unbearable

If assistance is not provided in a timely manner, which consists of administering a special serum, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, rapid heartbeat, fever, headache and dizziness, tremor, profuse sweating, and a feeling of heaviness in the chest may develop.

South Russian tarantula

Dangerous spiders in Krasnodar live in dry places and build holes underground. The depth of the labyrinths of South Russian tarantulas reaches 40 cm. The entrance is protected by cobwebs. They feed on insects and their larvae. They hunt without leaving their own shelter.

On a note!

The South Russian tarantula is the largest spider in the Krasnodar region. The body is covered with thick hairs, the legs are long and powerful. Colors are gray, brown, white, ash. It differs from other tarantulas by its dark head. The body size of the female, together with the leg span, reaches 35 cm.

The bite is poisonous, but not fatal. Painful sensations are present for several days, the skin recovers in 2 weeks. People prone to allergies experience a deterioration in their health - nausea, weakness, dizziness, headache.

Sea monsters

For those who are in a hurry to sunbathe by the sea waves in the Kuban resorts in the summer, it is useful to know about the dangers lurking in the coastal waters.
First of all, you should beware of the large cornet jellyfish. The identification mark is a purple spot with a flower-shaped pattern on the back. Its “stinging” cells cause severe burns. Cornermouths are found, as a rule, in the area from Port Caucasus to Anapa. A prick from the dorsal fin or gill covers of the scorpionfish is dangerous. This is a fish with bizarre skin growths on its head.

Near Anapa, in shallow water you can encounter a stingray. The impact of its spike can pierce clothing and even shoes. And an injection in the chest or stomach is fatal. No such cases have been recorded in Kuban recently. But just the other day, a stingray attacked a vacationer near Kherson. According to legend, according to Sophocles, Odysseus was deprived of his life by a spear with a tip made of a stingtail thorn.

Among amphibians, the gray Caucasian toad, which grows up to 20 centimeters, is considered poisonous. The milk-like toxin released from the skin can poison your dog.

“No cases of human death have been recorded, probably because no one licked the toad on purpose,” notes Chushkin. “Many people are afraid that petting this creature will give you warts.” In fact, the wart virus is found in the soil, and toad venom only softens the skin, making it easier for the infection to penetrate.

Red-bellied fire-bellied toads are also found in the region. In a limited space, they are capable of poisoning each other with their own poison, which is released in the form of white foam.

—Are there poisonous birds? — we ask Andrey Chushkin.

“Definitely not in Kuban,” he smiles. “I heard that there are some of these somewhere in the jungle, but their toxicity is probably secondary... In general, aggressively toxic birds are from the field of cryptozoology.”

Sak

It also has other names - yellow, heyracantium. Poisonous spiders of the Kuban and Krasnodar Territory live in arid places and build burrows in the ground. They hunt actively at night. They run quickly, attack a victim several times larger in size, and win.

On a note!

The predator has a bright, memorable appearance. Legs, abdomen are yellow, cephalothorax is red, chelicerae are in the form of claws. Outwardly it looks more like a scorpion. The photo is presented below. The female is 1 cm in size, the males are 0.5 mm.

The spider is not aggressive towards humans, but it can bite in defense of its own life. At the site of the attack, an allergic reaction appears in the form of redness, swelling, and swelling. In young children and people prone to allergies, their health worsens. The condition returns to normal within a few days, the skin recovers within a week.

Spiders of the Krasnodar region

What insects live in Kuban

The Krasnodar region is rich in fauna. Many different insects live there. Some representatives are dangerous. The table shows the main individuals.

These are the main poisonous representatives of the Krasnodar region.

Wolf spider

The largest spiders of Kuban. A relative of the karakurt, but not so poisonous. The bite provokes a local allergic reaction and rarely causes deterioration in health. The color is ashen, brown. The body is covered with dense villi. Females reach sizes of 4 cm, males are half that size.

The wolf spider does not weave hunting nets; it hunts actively. The victims are insects, their larvae, amphibians, and small rodents. In search of prey, it explores new territories and creeps into human possessions. In the house, it doesn’t reveal its presence in any way; it hides in corners, behind furniture, cabinets with dishes, shoes, and things.

pain bug

During the year, three cases of bites from poisonous arthropods were recorded in the region - in Krasnodar, the villages of Fastovetskaya and Krasnooktyabrskaya, Tikhoretsky district.

Doctors found out that a yellow sak spider began to attack people. Previously, it was found mainly in Germany or Austria.

Now I’ve also fallen in love with Kuban.

According to Vladimir Gladun, a teacher at the Faculty of Biology at Kuban State University, the bites of this spider are necrotic: the venom affects tissues, not the nervous system.

Not everyone knows that a very small (up to five centimeters in length) reddish-brown scorpion lives near Sochi.

Its poison is not particularly dangerous (it’s the same as a wasp sting).

“But there is conflicting information about the fact that larger and more poisonous Caucasian scorpions wander into our region,” Chushkin added.

The fauna of the former USSR includes the most poisonous spiders - karakurt and tarantula.

They are not found in Kuban.

The largest (up to four centimeters) spider that runs along the coast is the steatoda (wolf spider), a distant relative of the karakurt. Its bite is non-lethal to humans, but very painful.

It is not entirely clear whether the South Russian tarantula, quite large, up to 3.5 centimeters, wanders into Kuban. Its poison causes pain that lasts for several days. The cross spider is also widespread in the region. There is a burning sensation at the site of the bite, sometimes a headache, and joints ache.

Of the centipedes, the most dangerous is the ringed 15-centimeter centipede. She crawls under almost every rock on the coast. The toxin resembles the venom of the steppe viper.

If you just touch a blister (an oblong black bug with a red speck), you have yourself to blame. Terrible blisters will appear on your body. In ancient times, kings were poisoned with this toxin (cantharidin), who died in terrible agony (the human insides were corroded, as if exposed to acid). In medicine, these beetles were used to make abscess plaster.

Spanish flies (bugs like blister beetles, but green in color) are similar in toxicity. Magicians and sorcerers prepared elixirs from them that aroused erotic desires.

European stargazer

Photo: Colman/Wikimedia Commons

It has a body 20-35 cm long. The astrologer got its name because of the location of its eyes, which always look up. This fish is also known as seaweed.

The main danger to humans is the poisonous spines that are located above the pectoral fins, as well as the mucus that covers the stargazer. This mucus can cause a burn to a person if he picks up the fish with his bare hand.

If injured, the victim has trouble breathing and swelling begins. There are several known fatal cases of contact between a person and a stargazer, although they mainly took place in the Mediterranean Sea. The situation is complicated by the fact that the cow looks like a harmless goby, so novice fishermen often grab it with an unprotected hand.

Reproduction

Millipedes mate in the second year of life. During copulation, the male forms a cocoon with his hind pair of legs on his last segment, in which seminal fluid is collected. The approaching female partner retracts this spermatophore with her genital opening. After which, after several months, the female lays eggs. One clutch can contain up to 120 eggs. Throughout their maturation, the female remains nearby, placing the future offspring between her many legs.

The lifespan of centipedes in nature has not been precisely established. The age of insects living in captivity is about 7 years.

The third case of poisonous spider bites has been recorded in the Krasnodar region. It has been noticed that recently more and more of these arthropods prefer to move to the fertile Kuban land. And if previously such “foreign” spiders were encountered here occasionally, now Kuban residents increasingly come to doctors with bites from these animals.

For example, yesterday a spider bit a woman who lives in the village of Krasnooktyabrskaya, Tikhoretsk district. According to her, this is the first time she has seen such a spider. The woman says that after this animal bit her, she immediately felt dizzy, and the bite site began to swell greatly. She was very scared, so she urgently called an ambulance.

She managed to catch her offender and put him in a jar, which she took to the hospital. However, the doctor who admitted the victim was not at all surprised, since exactly the same poisonous spider had bitten a woman from the village of Fastovetskaya a couple of weeks ago (also, by the way, in the Tikhoretsky district). A year earlier, a man living in Krasnodar became the victim of such a spider.

Later we found out that people are attacked by a spider of the “yellow sak” species. Such poisonous spiders used to be found mainly in Germany or Austria. Now this arachnid animal has chosen Kuban. This spider is small, about two centimeters, but, as everyone who has been bitten by it says, they immediately begin to feel dizzy, and a sharp, piercing pain is felt at the site of the bite.

But arachnologists, that is, specialists in spiders, are quick to reassure that the venom of this type of spider is not fatal. Indeed, the bite site of this animal in most cases swells and becomes stained. But the yellow sak is not as dangerous as, for example, its relative karakurt (black with bright red dots), whose poison very strongly affects the entire body.

By the way, experts say that, as a rule, a spider will never attack a person first. Spider bites are a response to being disturbed or touched. And the spider stings - out of revenge.

Hunting methods

Depending on their habitat and the individual structure, representatives of arachnids hunt in completely different ways. If arthropods are classified according to their hunting method, they can be divided into several species.

• Scammers who weave nets and wait for the prey to fall into them, or those who construct a lasso from a web and throw it over the victim.
• Wolf spiders, which are characterized by chasing "lunch". Their feet literally feed them.
• Those who prefer to sit in ambush and overtake unsuspecting prey from cover. They often use mimicry or decoys.
• Those spiders that hide in burrows and wait for prey to come within reach.

Among the predatory arachnids, there is a species of vegetarians that were able to survive and adapt to the harsh conditions among carnivores. For example, Bagheera Kipling's spider has adapted to live on acacia trees, which are loved and protected by ants. This tree produces nectar, and the shoots of its leaves are rich in proteins and nutrients that feed the jumping spider, as it is popularly called. He is very agile, jumps well and can coexist next to his enemies (ants) without being seen by them.

Tiger mosquito

This exotic species of mosquito used to live only in Southeast Asia. But in recent years it has begun to appear in Crimea and the Caucasus.

The insect has a striped body color, similar to the pattern on the body of a tiger. It transmits dangerous tropical fevers and arboviral infections through its bite.

If you are indoors, you can use fumigators and mosquito nets to combat tiger mosquitoes (in the main photo). If you go outdoors, apply repellents to exposed parts of your body. They work against all types of mosquitoes.

Safe types

Safe species of spiders in Russia hunt insects, waiting for a long time for prey to fall into the net. Their bites are not dangerous for humans. These species live not only in nature; many live in courtyards and settle next to people in their homes.

Safe types of spiders in Russia include the following varieties:

• brownies;
• orb weavers;
• argiope;
• knitters.

House spiders

This species prefers outbuildings and human habitation for its habitat. Preys on moths, bedbugs, cockroaches and other small insects. In nature, dense grass or a crack in tree bark serves as housing. The variety spreads evenly throughout Russia.

External signs of a house spider:

• the body is colored yellow with a brown tint; there is a brown pattern on the surface of the back;
• spider size is from 0.7 to 1.2 cm, females are always larger;
• The legs are colored darker than the body, their length is approximately 2 times the size of the body.

Orb weaver in nature

The species lives in tree crowns, nets are placed between the branches, and the leaves are used to make shelter

Wheel-shaped traps immediately attract attention in a forest or garden. Sometimes round nets are placed under the eaves, in the window frames of abandoned houses

The poison is toxic to invertebrates and small vertebrates; it affects rats, rabbits, mice, but horses, dogs, guinea pigs and sheep do not react to the bite. The locust's muscles lock up after 35 minutes, and the frog stops moving within 15 minutes. When bitten, a person experiences mild pain, but the volume of injected poison remains safe.

Orb weavers have an increased appetite and eat up to 8 insects at one time. If there is prey that is unacceptable to it in the trap, then the owner breaks off the web around it and the insect falls. It does network cleaning in the same way.

Argiope arthropods

Arachnids of this species are not dangerous to large mammals and humans. Males are modest in size and rarely exceed 0.5 cm, while females grow up to 2.5−3 cm. The color of the back resembles a wasp due to its bright black and yellow stripes. Short hair grows on the chest and partly on the head. The long legs consist of several jointed sections and are black with pale yellow spots.

Argiopes are spiders of central Russia, because they prefer areas with a temperate climate. They are also found in the southern part of the Stavropol Territory. The bite of an arthropod is compared to that of a bee; spiders do not attack first and do not show aggression. A slight pain is felt at the site of the lesion, swelling appears, but everything returns to normal after 2-3 days.

Trudoviks knitters

The species is distributed throughout the Russian territory and is found more often than in other countries. They almost always prefer nature and do not live in buildings. For hunting, round nets with large rectangular cells are made. The observer sees that such a product is not suitable for fishing due to the rare threads, but it’s all about the specific victim that must fall into the net. Knitters hunt for long-legged mosquitoes, which are a favorite delicacy.

Knitter Description:

• the body has an oblong shape;
• long legs consist of segmented segments;
• many outgrowths are observed on the chelicerae;
• females are large, reaching 3 cm, but males are inferior in height.

The long body saves the knitter in case of danger. At a moment of anxiety, he stretches his legs along his body and in this position resembles a dry twig. If it is disturbed in this state, the spider quickly falls and quickly runs away.

Nutrition

The feeding peculiarity of cicadas is such that in many countries they are considered parasitic insects. Vineyards, garden plants and trees suffer from their invasions. Adult cicadas damage stems, branches, and leaves with their proboscis, extracting the desired juice from them.

Having been saturated, they are removed, and life-giving moisture continues to flow from the “wound,” gradually turning into manna - a sticky, sweetish substance (medicinal resin). Cicada larvae living in the soil damage the roots as they suck out the liquid from them. The degree of their danger to agricultural crops has not yet been established.

Because of their powerful mouthparts, cicadas can “suck out” and damage even plant tissue located deep inside. As a result, after such feeding, crops may die. In agricultural areas where there are many cicadas, farmers often notice a drop in yield. Both larvae and adults can be dangerous.

False black widow

Outwardly it differs from its deadly relative in that it is lighter in color. The characteristic hourglass pattern is not red, but pink. Belongs to the karakurt family. The size of females, together with the leg span, reaches 4 cm, males are half that size. They are nocturnal and weave strong fishing nets.

The false black widow will not bite unless touched. It sits calmly in the center of the homespun cloth, waiting for the victim. However, he often travels around the area, choosing hot spots. While traveling, it can crawl into a tourist’s belongings, vacationers’ shoes, house, or apartment.

Black widows are often kept as pets. Their coal-black shiny color and smooth movements attract the eye and make them admire the exotic creature. In artificially created conditions, a widow lives for about 10 years, in a natural environment she barely lives to be a year old.

The bite of the false black widow is poisonous and painful, but not fatal. In young children and people prone to allergies, a deterioration in well-being may follow, including swelling of the larynx and difficulty breathing. In this case, medical attention is required.

Hammerhead shark

Photo: ErikvanB / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA 4.0

This shark lives in the Mediterranean Sea, but there have been cases when some individuals appeared in the Black Sea waters. In particular, a hammerhead shark was seen off the coast of Romania, Turkey, and Bulgaria.

The length of this fish reaches 6 meters. Its distinctive feature is the shape of its head, which looks like the letter “T”. The hammerhead shark is aggressive and attacks people. Even fatal outcomes of such collisions have been reported. Fortunately, these sharks are found so rarely in the Black Sea that no cases of shark attacks on humans have been recorded here yet. But we must remember that all repeating events happen for the first time.

The most poisonous snake in Russia is the viper

In total, about 90 species of snakes live in Russia. There are about 16 species of them that are poisonous. The most dangerous and widespread poisonous snake in central Russia is, of course, the viper. It lives in both forests and steppes. The viper is not a very long snake (up to 75 cm in length). Its color varies from gray to red-brown. Vipers are characterized by a dark line along their spine, as well as an X-shaped pattern on their head. All vipers are already born poisonous.

When meeting a viper, you should not make sudden movements, so as not to provoke the snake to defend itself. It is worth noting that viper bites cause quite severe pain. Swelling appears at the site of the bite. The most dangerous bites are those on the face and neck.