Chicken poisoning - symptoms and treatment of poultry

Content

• Types of food poisoning
• Signs and symptoms in children
• Causes of food poisoning in children
• What should you do if you are poisoned?
• Peculiarities of child nutrition after treatment
• Disease prevention

Food poisoning is a complex of painful symptoms that occur when the body is affected by poisonous and low-quality products of animal or plant origin. Toxins can enter in different ways: through the intestines, absorption through the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx, or inhalation. In children under one year of age, absorption and distribution throughout the body occurs faster. Source: H.D. Abdikhakimovich Features of the course of foodborne toxic infections // Pediatrician, 2022, v. 8, special issue

Poisoning in children is more common than in adults, and its course is much more complicated. This is explained by the peculiarity of the child’s still fragile body. In the early years, the intestinal microflora is not yet formed, toxins are quickly absorbed and spread through the blood, and low acidity of gastric juice is noted.

How to treat poisoning in chickens

Features of treatment are determined by the cause of intoxication of birds. For example, when poisoned by chemicals, animals are given antidotes that normalize the body's functioning. Veterinarians also recommend giving animals mycotoxin adsorbents. They neutralize poisons of natural and synthetic origin and help restore the functioning of the digestive system.

Types of food poisoning

• Microbial. This type includes poisoning from spoiled or contaminated products.
• Intoxication with chemicals. It occurs when toxins enter the gastrointestinal tract and requires urgent medical attention.
• Poisoning with poisonous mushrooms, fish or meat, plants. An urgent visit to a doctor is recommended. Source: B.Zh. Suleizhan, W.K. Keldikulova Foodborne toxic infections // Journal of the Almaty State Institute for Advanced Training of Doctors, 2011, No. 1

Rat Death #1 and Rat Death #2: What's the difference?

Fundamentally, Rat Death No. 1 and Rat Death No. 2 differ in their active ingredients: the active ingredient in the first drug is brodifacoum, and in the second, bromadiolone.

For the rat fighter himself, this distinction is important because bromadiolone is more toxic to rats. And since a smaller amount of poison is required to poison one animal, Rat Death 2, generally speaking, is more rational to purchase and use.

Also, Rat Death number 1 is blue-green in color, while Rat Death number 2 looks more like pieces of meat. Which, by the way, makes the second poison even more attractive to rats.

The photo below shows Rat Death #1:

And here is Rat Death No. 2:

The price of both poisons is approximately the same: they cost about 70 rubles for a package of 8 briquettes (weighing 100 grams) or about 120 rubles for a package of 16 briquettes (weighing 200 grams).

On a note

As mentioned above, in general, Rat Death No. 2 is preferable for use - also for the reason that the bromadiolone used in it is less hazardous to the environment. In particular, when recycling the remains of the product or rats poisoned by it, the load on soil biocenoses is reduced. At the same time, according to environmentalists, brodifacoum (contained in Rat Death No. 1) poses a great danger to the environment. For this reason, producing bromadiolone in Italy requires less regulatory approval and is more economical than producing brodifacoum for Rat Death #1.

Signs and symptoms in children

Food poisoning in children occurs suddenly and manifests itself in an acute or mild form. The first signs are observed several hours after the child has consumed spoiled or poor quality food. Often this happens within 60 minutes, with a latent course of the disease – up to 8 days. The faster the symptoms of poisoning appear, the more dangerous it is.

Regardless of the pathogen, stomach poisoning in children may result in:

• cutting pain in the abdomen;
• general weakness and lethargy;
• the presence of nausea and/or vomiting;
• chills;
• dry mucous membranes;
• pale skin;
• increased or decreased temperature;
• loss of appetite;
• increased thirst;
• rapid breathing and pulse;
• loose stool.

The greatest danger to a baby's health is vomiting and loose stools , since they can quickly dehydrate the body and can cause kidney failure. The main signs of dehydration include: a decrease in the frequency of urination and a decrease in the amount of urine, dry skin and a decrease in its elasticity.

In difficult cases, botulism may occur with damage to the nervous system. With such poisoning, the baby experiences dry mouth, constipation, and visual acuity may decrease.

If a child is poisoned by plants, he is most often bothered by severe abdominal pain with profuse drooling. There may be changes in heart rate and rhythm disturbances.

Mushroom poisoning is characterized by painful sensations in the abdomen, pallor of the lips and skin, and upset stool. The child may experience nausea and frequent vomiting, sometimes with blood. Poisoning with poisonous mushrooms is the most dangerous type of poisoning.

Eating vegetable dishes and foods high in nitrates can cause a number of symptoms in a child. These include pain in the stomach, lethargy, headache, shortness of breath, gagging and tinnitus.

Symptoms of poisoning that require prompt medical attention:

• low body temperature;
• dyspnea;
• drowsiness;
• dark colored urine and a decrease in its quantity;
• blood in vomit or stool.

What is methanol and what is the mechanism of its toxic effect on the body?

Methanol is a monohydric alcohol with the chemical formula CH3OH. Widely used in the chemical, gas and pharmaceutical industries, it is part of antifreeze, solvents, glass cleaners, liquid fuels, and gasoline additives. It is a transparent, colorless liquid with a specific odor and taste similar to ethyl alcohol. They can only be distinguished experimentally using hot copper wire. It is immersed in the test liquid. If it is methanol, an unpleasant and pungent odor appears; if it is ethanol, the aroma of rotten apples appears. But it is unlikely that an alcoholic who wants to quickly “improve” his condition will conduct such tests. He will simply drink the obtained “treasure” and thereby doom himself to death. This is the main danger of the substance, since it is difficult to distinguish it from alcoholic beverages by appearance, smell and taste. Even 2% methanol content in the liquid you drink can be toxic. The lethal dose of methanol can vary depending on the individual characteristics of the organism - for one, 30 ml is enough, for another, it can survive even with a much larger amount of methanol taken. There is a known case where a person managed to survive after taking 500 ml of methanol.

For the average person, a dose of 100 ml of methanol is lethal. The lethal concentration in blood plasma is considered to be 1 g/l.

The risk group for methyl alcohol poisoning most often includes chronic alcoholics, into whose bodies it enters due to the use of surrogate drinks or substitution. In addition, persons engaged in the production of products containing methanol, as well as those using methanol-based solvents for washing glass inside cars or closed, small and poorly ventilated rooms, have a significant risk of poisoning through the skin and respiratory tract.

It is not so much methyl alcohol itself that is toxic, but the products of its metabolism - formaldehyde and formic acid. The latter is a powerful inhibitor of tissue respiration and the main cause of metabolic acidosis (a shift in the pH of biological fluids to the acidic side). The main toxic effect is on the nervous, cardiovascular and excretory systems. The insidiousness of methanol is that it is quickly absorbed, but very slowly eliminated from the body. The maximum concentration in the blood is observed 30–60 minutes after consumption, and elimination lasts for 3-5 and even 7 days. Moreover, during this time, methanol can be released by the gastric mucosa and reabsorbed.

Methyl alcohol is metabolized in the liver by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase, but more slowly than ethanol. It is this competitive interaction that makes ethyl alcohol the main antidote for methanol poisoning.

The main pathogenetic disorders in the body caused by methanol and the products of its biochemical transformation are manifested in the following phenomena: • Metabolic acidosis (increased acidity of the internal environment). • Decreased oxygen saturation of the blood.

In addition, methanol can accumulate (accumulate) in the body, which can cause chronic poisoning with the systematic intake of even small doses of this toxic substance.

Causes of illness in a child

One of the main causes of food poisoning is the consumption of stale food . To avoid illness, you should pay attention to the appearance and smell of food, as well as storage conditions. Often, parents buy food for their child without paying attention to the expiration date. Even if you make purchases at a trusted retail outlet with an impeccable reputation, you must always look at the packaging of the product.

In addition to low-quality products, in medical practice there are cases of chemical poisons and toxic plants entering the baby’s body along with food. Toxins may be contained in medications or household chemicals that the child used accidentally or unknowingly.

Rules for using the product

Although the instructions for using Rat Death are quite simple, it is important not to neglect some points that may seem insignificant at first glance.

When working with the drug you should:

1. Prepare pieces of cardboard measuring approximately 10x10 cm or larger (a briquette of poison will be placed on each of them). The number of such “bait stations” must correspond to the number of places in which the facility is planned to be placed;
2. Open the package, then use tweezers or a toothpick to remove the poison packets and place them on cardboard (using auxiliary products for contact with the packets is an important point in the instructions). To fight mice, put one bag on each cardboard, and to fight rats - two;

3. The cardboards are laid out in places where rats are believed to be most likely to be found - near burrows, discovered travel routes, and places where the animals steal food. When fighting mice, baits are placed at a distance of 2-5 meters from each other, and when fighting rats - 4-15 meters;
4. All portions of poison should be checked daily. New bags of Rat Death should be placed in place of the eaten bait;
5. When the poison remains intact at all points for several days in a row, it can be concluded that rats and mice do not appear in the room. Cardboard boxes with Rat Death are collected in a thick plastic bag and thrown away.

If the rodent repellent is placed in suitable places and the pests quickly find it, then they begin to die on the 3-4th day, and the peak of poisoning usually occurs on the 6-7th day. Usually, after 2 weeks, all rodents in the room die, and the use of the poison can be stopped.

When working with Rat Death, it is important not to touch the poison with your hands so as not to leave a human smell on it - it can scare away rats and mice.

There is also no need to open paper filter bags: rats and mice easily chew them and get to the poison itself.

In accordance with the instructions, the bags remaining after baiting, as well as the found corpses of rats and mice, should be buried in the ground to a depth of at least 0.5 m. If they are simply thrown into the trash, then birds, cats, and dogs can find them in landfills and eat them or other animals. Although it is obvious that most rodent fighters (especially in cities) will not bother burying the poison and remains of rats. In any case, for disposal, both the remains of the poison and the corpses of rats should, at a minimum, be placed in tight bags and tied.

With some probability, rats can die right indoors, and in places where it can be very problematic to get their remains: under the floor, behind a wall, etc. While they decompose (several weeks, or even months), there will be a strong disgusting smell. Therefore, it is not recommended to use Rat Death in areas bordering difficult to reach cavities. In these rooms it is better to fight rodents using rat traps or repellers.

On a note

Many sellers claim that before dying, among other symptoms, rats experience suffocation and try to get out into fresh air, and therefore they will not die inside buildings and will not stink. However, there is no statistically significant evidence that rats begin to behave this way before death. But there are real stories about how pests died from the Rat Death and began to decompose right in the premises, and therefore you should not completely rely on the assurances of resourceful sellers.

It is also useful to read: The best types of rat traps for rodent control

What should you do if you are poisoned?

If your child has food poisoning, self-treatment is absolutely unacceptable. There is no need to give him activated carbon and wait for the effect. This is especially true for newborns, since they have the highest incidence of severe consequences.

The main task of parents is to provide timely assistance by contacting a specialist. To avoid complications, all medications are prescribed to the child by the doctor. It is not recommended to give children antibiotics, painkillers, antidiarrheals and antiemetics. Attempts to independently cure a child can harm his health and delay the recovery period. In addition, such actions will lead to the disappearance of symptoms, by which a specialist can determine the true cause of poisoning. Source: A.V. Gorelov Therapy of acute intestinal infections in children in modern conditions // Issues of modern pediatrics, 2004, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 72-78

Poisoning is diagnosed based on tests, an in-person examination of the child, and interviews with parents. All treatment measures are carried out in a hospital setting, in some cases at home.

Therapeutic measures are aimed at immediately removing toxins from the child’s body, eliminating symptoms and combating dehydration. The specialist may also prescribe diet and vitamin therapy.

If you have the slightest suspicion of poisoning in a child, contact the pediatric department of the SM-Clinic. We employ experienced specialists who will help determine the exact cause of the disease and provide a full range of medical services at a high level.

Probiotic "Symbitox"

The complex drug is developed for the prevention and treatment of poisoning in animals. "Symbitox" quickly destroys mycological toxins, binds and removes them from the body. Effective treatment of chicken poisoning is provided by natural interferon inducers, sepiolite, bentonite, silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate. These substances help the body resist disease, absorb toxins and breakdown products, and normalize the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. Advantages of the probiotic "Simbitox" for the treatment of chickens:

• produced in convenient powder form;
• does not cause side effects when neutralizing toxins;
• safe for birds;
• stored for 1 year.

The probiotic can be used to prevent poisoning in animals. The drug is active against pathogenic microorganisms when adding 2 kg per 1 ton of feed. The recommended dosage to eliminate signs of intoxication is 3 kg/1 ton. The drug begins to act immediately after entering the digestive tract. It can be given to chickens, cattle, and pigs.

Peculiarities of child nutrition after treatment

During recovery, the child is prescribed a diet that is similar to the diet for any intestinal infections. Children are recommended:

• increasing the frequency of meals up to 6-8 times a day;
• drinking liquid, crushed and pureed food in fractional portions;
• exclusion of fried foods;
• ad libitum feeding (give food on demand, but do not overfeed).

The main rule of nutrition is that food should contain a minimum amount of fat. You should avoid whole milk, fruits and fresh baked goods, which can cause fermentation in the intestines. You can give more boiled water, crackers, low-fat cottage cheese, baked apples, cookies, rosehip decoction.

Original Death of the Rat and counterfeits

Today in Russia, at most points of sale, it is not the original Rat Death that is sold, but its analogue, produced under the Tigard brand. In fact (strictly speaking), this poison is a counterfeit, although its composition is identical to that of the original drug and it has the same effectiveness.

The photo below shows the drug Rat Death No. 1 in the original packaging from Ital Tiger:

And the next photo shows us the poison produced by Oboronkhim, Russia:

The photo clearly shows that the packaging design is almost identical, so an inexperienced buyer will not notice the difference at all.

Partly, the need to create counterfeits is related to economic restrictions on the sale of Ukrainian products in Russia. In particular, in Moscow, St. Petersburg and other large cities today it is almost impossible to buy the original Rat Death.

Perhaps the only obvious drawback of the counterfeit (besides the somewhat unethical use of the name and emblem with a similar design) is the assurance on the packaging that Rat Death has a so-called mummifying effect. And many buyers count on this effect of the drug, which supposedly will prevent the spread of odor from dead rats, and willingly buy the product.

In reality, the poison does not have any mummifying effect and does not protect against the appearance of odors in the room. Today, in the market of rodenticides, it has generally become quite fashionable to attribute mummifying properties to drugs, since this advertising ploy is good at spurring demand. What’s interesting is that the mummification effect is often claimed by companies that only package and distribute the products, while manufacturing companies (in most cases foreign) do not mention mummifying properties in the instructions at all. And where will they come from if the poison simply does not contain substances that could stop the decomposition of corpses...

Review

“We met rats when we moved into an old house; they climb up to our second floor and don’t let us live. Having a cat doesn't affect them. We bought rat death N1, a small package, it cost 60 rubles. The tablets were placed in several places and the rats disappeared within a week. And a few days later a terrible stench appeared in the room, as I understood, this poor fellow began to rot somewhere. I had to endure the terrible stench for a long time, it’s not clear where she died...”

Elvira, Kazan

Disease prevention

• The child’s personal hygiene: washing hands before and after walking, after using the toilet, before eating.
• Lack of raw water, ready-made factory meals and unboiled milk in the diet.
• Compliance with food storage conditions.
• Careful selection of food products, taking into account expiration date and quality.

Treatment of small cracks, scratches and abrasions on the hands to prevent germs from entering the body.

Sources:

1. H.D. Abdikhakimovich. Features of the course of food toxic infections // Pediatrician, 2022, v. 8, special issue
2. B.Zh. Suleizhan, W.K. Keldikulova. Foodborne toxic infections // Journal of the Almaty State Institute for Advanced Medical Studies, 2011, No. 1
3. A.V. Gorelov. Therapy of acute intestinal infections in children in modern conditions // Issues of modern pediatrics, 2004, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 72-78

Vostrikova Ekaterina Borisovna Clinic

Author of the article

Vostrikova Ekaterina Borisovna

Specialty: gastroenterologist

Experience: 14 years

The information in this article is provided for reference purposes and does not replace advice from a qualified professional. Don't self-medicate! At the first signs of illness, you should consult a doctor.

How is Rat Death packaged and how much should you buy to control rodents?

Rat Death No. 1 is sold in small packages for household use and is also packaged in large containers for sale to professional rodent control services.

Today the manufacturer offers the following packaging of the product:

1. Packages with 8 briquettes (net weight - 100 grams);
2. Packages with 16 briquettes (net weight - 200 grams);
3. Plastic buckets of 2.5, 5 and 10 kg of poison.

To fight one rat or mouse, a package of 8 briquettes will be enough. To combat several rodents in an apartment, house or office, you need to use a larger amount of the drug, in this case it is advisable to buy a package of 16 briquettes or several packages of 8 briquettes. It is advisable to buy Rat Death in bulk for eliminating pests over large areas.

If you have personal experience using Rat Death No. 1 or No. 2 to control rats or mice, be sure to share the information by leaving your review at the bottom of the page (in the comments field).

Video review of the drug Rat Death No. 1

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