"Fitoverm" is a biological insectoacaricide. Instructions

Author: Elena N. https://floristics.info/ru/index.php?option=com_contact&view=contact&id=19 Category: Insecticides Published: February 26, 2012Republished: February 26, 2019Last edits: March 12, 2021

For those who are looking for an effective broad-spectrum product of biological origin to protect their plants from pests, we offer information about the drug Fitoverm, which has proven itself well both in small personal plots and in agriculture. Fitoverm produced by NPC Pharmbiomed LLC is simply a champion among insecticides, so let’s talk about it in more detail.

Purpose of Fitoverma

Fitoverm is a broad-spectrum enteric-contact insectoacaricide that destroys more than twenty types of pests, including the Colorado potato beetle, cabbage and turnip moths, cabbage cutworm, various mites, apple flower beetles and codling moths, all types of aphids, thrips, potato and ermine moths, sea buckthorn fly , root-knot nematodes, circle leaf miner, small apple leaf miner, topside leaf miner, gray beet and raspberry-strawberry weevils, moths, leaf rollers, whiteflies, potato ladybugs and other plant enemies.

Fitoverm is used on grain crops, strawberries, cabbage, potatoes, nightshade plants, raspberries, cucumbers, roses, sugar beets, currants, apple trees, hops, flowers and other crops.

Development

After the larva enters the soil, a false cocoon begins to form. This happens in approximately 5-6 days. The pest waits out the winter in the pupal stage. The largest number of them can be found by digging up the ground around a tree. They do not dive very deeply - no more than 5 cm. The optimal temperature at which the cherry fly pupa is formed is no higher than +10 ° C.

The larva leaves the false cocoon with the arrival of spring. At first she remains motionless. It is difficult to confuse it with another insect, since it has a characteristic gray-orange color. She remains motionless for approximately 5 hours. After this period of time, its wings dry out and their color changes. The fly gains the ability to fly. This phase lasts about two months (from May to July).

Action of Fitoverm

The active component of the drug is aversectin C, a waste product of the soil fungus Stereptomyces avermitilis. Fitoverm, entering the digestive system, paralyzes the nervous system of pests, and after 2-3 days their death occurs. The beginning of the effect from the moment of treatment is after 6-8 hours in protected and after 8-16 hours in open ground. The maximum effect is achieved on days 5-7. In the soil, the active substance breaks down into non-toxic compounds within 48 hours.

• Instructions for use of Kleschevit

Observations have shown that Fitoverm on shrubs and fruit trees reduces the number of harmful insects by 94-100%, and ticks by 96-100%. When applied in hot weather, the drug, unlike other protective agents, does not burn plant leaves. Fitoverm achieves optimal effectiveness at temperatures from 15 to 25 ºC. It does not pollute the environment and quickly decomposes not only in soil, but also in water. The waiting period from the moment of processing to harvesting the fruits is no more than three days.

It is advisable to treat plants in soil protected from ticks with Fitoverm three times. After the first spraying, most of the females and nymphs of the tick die. The second spraying is carried out a week after the first, and the third - 2 weeks after the second. Within a month, all females, larvae and eggs of the tick die. The protective effect of Fitoverm lasts up to 3 weeks. To prevent the occurrence of resistance, it is advisable to alternate Fitoverm with acaricides and insecticides of other chemical groups.

Analogs of the drug to one degree or another are Cesar, Zephyr, Abacus, Vertimek, Actofit and Gaupsin.

Advantages of Fitoverm:

• ease of use;
• Possibility of application three days before harvest;
• increased efficiency at high temperatures;
• relative harmlessness to the environment;
• lack of phytotoxicity;
• rapid decomposition in water and soil;
• long-term protective effect.

Analogues of the drug

The Fitoverm insecticide can be replaced with a similar substance. There are up to 10 analogues. Among them there are both domestic drugs and products offered from foreign manufacturers.

If we talk about Zephyr, Abacus and Vertimex, then the active substance is replaced here - avermectin B1. But they are highly toxic and are not recommended for frequent use.

Iskra BIO and Agravertin, Aktara and Akarin, Actellik and Kleschevit, as well as Aktofit are more suitable as safe crop protection.

Instructions for use Fitoverm

The drug is available in ampoules of 2, 4, 5 ml, in bottles of 20, 50 and 100 ml, as well as in canisters of 1 and 5 liters. The working solution must be prepared immediately before use. Pour 1-2 liters of water into a bucket, open the ampoule or bottle, measure and pour into the bucket the dose of the drug required to prepare 10 liters of solution, stir thoroughly, and then, while stirring, bring the solution with water to the required volume.

Plants should be sprayed in calm and clear weather in the morning, before 10 o'clock, or in the evening, after 18 o'clock. You should not treat plants if precipitation is expected within 6 hours after treatment. The leaves must be thoroughly moistened with the solution on both sides. In the absence of precipitation, the drug continues to act for one to three weeks. If it rains, the effect of the drug is greatly reduced.

Pest biology

To choose effective measures to combat the cherry fly, you need to understand what kind of enemy you are dealing with.

Cherry fly - photo of an adult female

Appearance

So, we are talking about a small insect: the body length of the female is from 4 to 6 mm, and the male is even smaller - 3-4 mm. Color – dark brown almost black with shine. The back is decorated with long yellow stripes along its length. Transparent wings with black transverse markings help the fly to fly. The head is two-colored: yellow in front (scutellum too), black in back. Eye color is green.

Wintering

During wintering, the insect takes refuge in the upper layer of soil - depending on the climatic conditions of a particular region, it can be found at a depth of 1 to 13 cm. It resides in a false cocoon (length 2-4 mm) in the form of a pupa. This winter protection is barrel-shaped and dirty yellow in color.

Spring departure

As soon as truly warm spring days set in, the cherry fly flies out, driven by hunger. For 10-14 days, it feeds on the sweet-tasting secretions of its companion, also a garden pest - the cherry aphid, which accumulates on the young shoots of cherry branches and cherry trees. Having had enough, the fly begins to take care of reproduction - lays eggs.

Reproduction

The ideal objects for this are greenish fruits that are just beginning to ripen. Females make holes in them and lay eggs. Such fruits are doomed - they rot and fall off. During the period of mass harvesting of fruits and their processing, people, trying to get rid of larvae hatching from eggs, soak cherries in cold water. In principle it helps, but not 100%. There is always a threat that an unappetizing worm will be found in a jar of compote “for the winter.”

Precautionary measures

• While working with the drug, it is forbidden to eat, drink or smoke.
• The use of safety glasses, protective clothing, gloves and a respirator is mandatory.
• After spraying, wash your face and hands with soapy water and rinse your mouth with clean water.

If you spill the drug, fill the area with some sorbent: sawdust, sand, peat or granulated clay, then collect the sorbent and neutralize it with a five percent alkali solution.

The container of the drug should not be thrown into landfills or water bodies. Do not use empty containers under any circumstances: they must be burned in a specially designated place, being careful not to inhale the smoke.

Who harms cherries?

Unfortunately, the army of insects that harm cherry trees is quite numerous. It is very dangerous when pests begin a massive invasion of the garden, so it is necessary not to wait for such situations, but to carry out mandatory preventive measures. But first, let's deal with the “portraits” of insects that are enemies of cherries.

Cherry aphid

The cherry aphid is a microscopic black or sometimes green insect that settles in entire colonies on the leaves, stalks and tops of tree branches. The larvae appear in the spring, they suck the juice from the leaves, as a result of which the leaves stop growing, wither, dry out and die. Flying females carry the larvae throughout the garden, and all trees are exposed to aphid infestation. Very often, ants appear along with aphids, attracted by the secretions of the larvae, which they use as food.

Slimy sawfly

Another enemy of cherries is the cherry slimy sawfly, which lays its larvae on the leaves of the tree. Leech larvae mercilessly eat all the foliage, the trees dry out, presenting a very sad sight.

Cherry weevil

It is a small bug of bronze-lilac color. It appears on cherries in the spring, actively eats buds, flowers and young ovaries, and already in mid-summer, female weevils lay new larvae in still green berries. The larvae feed on fruit seeds, gnawing them from the inside, which leads to spoilage of berries, falling and loss of yield. Infestations of the cherry weevil are often widespread, therefore, if measures are not taken, the gardener will not see ripe cherries.

Golden silkworm or goldtail

Lacewings are butterflies that lay eggs in the foliage of cherry trees. The larvae that then appear eat the leaves, and the damaged foliage with only veins is then wrapped in cobwebs. In these unique cocoons, silkworm caterpillars hide for the winter, and then in the spring, after hibernation, they feed on young cherry buds.

Shoot moth

The danger comes from the greenish-yellow larvae of this butterfly, which in the spring eat cherry buds, newly emerging leaves, and buds. The buds and leaves dry out and curl up, resembling frost damage.

Bark beetle

The bark beetle is dangerous not only for cherries, but also for sweet cherries, as well as for all trees in the garden. Females of this insect gnaw winding passages in the bark of fruit trees, where they lay eggs. The emerging bark beetle larvae feed on wood, causing irreparable damage to both young and mature trees.

Sapwood

Insects that, like bark beetles, damage cherry wood. They settle in the sapwood under the bark, gnaw out passages, corridors, and large holes from which gum can ooze. Cherries that are affected by sapwood stop growing and dry out. If you do not notice these pests in time, then at an advanced stage it is very difficult to fight sapwood.

cherry fly

This insect loves to eat ripe cherry fruits, and if damaged berries are not detected, you can lose up to a third of the harvest. The fly lays eggs in the berries, and then the emerging larvae feed on the ripe pulp. Cherry fruits become soft, with depressions, and spoiled.

Plum moth

Despite this name, this pest affects both plums and cherry fruits. It is a butterfly with purple wings, but the most terrible damage is caused to cherries by the larvae of the codling moth - yellow-brown caterpillars. The butterfly lays eggs in unripe cherry fruits, and the hatched larvae begin to devour the pulp en masse. The cherry berries turn out to be wormy, and the harvest is ruined.

First aid

The recommendations below are intended only for providing FIRST aid, after which you should immediately consult a doctor and follow his instructions! DO NOT SELF-medicate!

• If the drug gets into your eyes, rinse them with plenty of running water, trying to keep them open.
• If Fitoverm gets on the skin, it should be washed off with plenty of soapy water.
• If the drug gets into the gastrointestinal tract, you must take activated carbon at the rate of 1 tablet per 10 kg of body weight, wash it down with 3-4 glasses of water and induce vomiting.
• There is no antidote for Fitoverm, so treatment eliminates the symptoms of poisoning. If you feel sick, call your doctor or poison control center.

Sharing with other tools

Storage of the drug in finished form is not provided. Opened packaging of the substance can be stored strictly according to the periods indicated on the packaging. There is no point in processing crops after the expiration date.

Place for storing packaging: room for agricultural materials, away from fungicides and similar preparations. The temperature should not exceed 30 degrees Celsius. Children and animals should not be allowed near the substance. Although Fitoverm is not toxic, in concentrated form it causes allergies and poisoning if inhaled.

Combining treatment with Fitoverm with other drugs is prohibited. The minimum gap can be no more than 3 days.

Reviews

Maria: the drug is relatively safe, does not overwhelm you with the smell, but requires several treatments. I used it on roses and was pleased.

Marina: I was captivated by the fact that Fitoverm is of biological origin. In addition, it has an affordable price, it dissolves well in water and does not smell very much (sorry). I also liked the fact that the ampoules are not glass (I usually cut my hands with them), but plastic. Well, I liked the effect: not lightning fast, but reliable.

Agasha: This is not the first time I have encountered spider mites on indoor plants, so I know a lot about preparations. I bought Fitoverm because it is relatively safe for the environment. I had to spray the plants twice, but I didn’t expect quick results: I also treated them with Actellik twice. The second treatment is a control shot. I heard people complain about the smell of Fitoverm. People, you probably haven’t snorted any other drugs!

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Sergey: this drug is relatively harmless to the environment, therefore, probably, its effectiveness in the fight against parasites is very relative. I treated currants against aphids with Fitoverm, but the result was more than modest. I had to use the proven Kinmiks. Maybe I was in a hurry and should have waited...

Anatoly: I used Fitoverm against spider mites on cucumbers in a greenhouse. After processing, I closed the greenhouse and entered it only the next morning. The cucumber leaves, which were withered, perked up slightly, and after two days their turgor was completely restored. Just in case, I re-processed it. Since then the ticks have not appeared.

Official website and manufacturer's recommendations: https://dacha.avgust.com/catalog/fitoverm/

How to properly use Fitoverm for indoor flowers

For a good result from treatment with Fitoverm, three main conditions are observed:

1. Warm. After spraying, the flowers are kept at a temperature not lower than +25 degrees. The drug almost does not work at temperatures below +18 degrees.
2. Multiple treatments.
   At a temperature of +20...25 degrees, the solution is sprayed 3-4 times with an interval of 7 days. If it is hot at home, the break is reduced to 5 days.
3. Times of Day. Fitoverm quickly loses its strength under solar radiation, so it is better to do treatments in the pre-sunset hours.

Fitoverm does not affect insect larvae and eggs. Only repeated use deprives pests of a chance to restore the population.

I recommend performing at least 4 applications, even if after spraying three times the insects have completely disappeared. But then for the last time use a weak solution with a concentration of 2 g/l.

To prevent mass infection, be sure to spray not only the plant being attacked, but also its neighbors on the windowsill or shelf.

The solution is applied to dry leaves using a fine spray bottle. If there are few leaves, it is good to use sponges or cotton pads.

To ensure success in the fight against parasites, spraying is carried out at the earliest signs of their presence on a houseplant.

Treatment begins at the top of the flower and gradually moves down to the lower tier of the plant. At the same time, the front and back sides of the leaf plate are generously moistened - this is where the majority of pests usually hide.

The remains of the solution are spilled onto the soil in the pots. This allows you to kill off insects that are still sitting in the soil.

For 24 hours after applying the solution, domestic flowers are not watered and the air around them is not humidified. The fact is that the drug quickly deactivates at high humidity .

DIY traps

A cherry fly has appeared in the garden plot; measures to combat it do not present any difficulty. Those who are opposed to chemicals containing toxic substances are advised to build their own traps. In order for them to be effective, they must be used in early spring, as soon as warm temperatures have established.

Homemade traps can be of two types: liquid and glue. For the former, any sweet compositions are used. An aqueous solution of honey, compote, beer or kvass will do. They are poured into any available means, like a plastic bottle or some other container. In order for the pest to fall into these traps, they must be hung on trees. The smell emitted by the liquid attracts pests, they fly into the container and drown in it. For such traps to be effective, the filler must be renewed periodically.

Another type that is used in pest control is no less popular. We are talking about glue traps. In order to make them, you do not need to have any special skills. To do this, it is enough to purchase glue, which takes a long time to dry, and cardboard. It is advisable to choose yellow for the latter. An adhesive is applied to the base, and the resulting traps are hung on trees. When they are covered with a large number of flies, they need to be replaced with new ones.

Damage caused by the cherry fly

Fruits affected by the cherry fly lose their shine and elasticity, darken, small dark islands (larval passages) become noticeable on them, and a small white worm sits inside the fruit. The cherries rot and fall off. Even if you manage to harvest the harvest, such fruits will still not bring pleasure. It will be unpleasant to eat them, and to spin the fruits, you will first need to soak them in water so that the larvae float to the surface. The worms will pop up, but the unpleasant sensations will not go away!

If protection from the cherry fly is not provided in a timely manner, the pest can easily destroy the entire crop. The female can lay a maximum of 150 eggs over the entire season, one egg per fruit. In addition to cherries and cherries, the fly affects honeysuckle, apricot, barberry and snowberry.